Researchers try to cut the genetic code from 20 to 19 amino acids
Researchers from Columbia and Harvard used AI tools to engineer part of the ribosome to function without isoleucine, aiming to test hypotheses about early life's simpler genetic codes. They replaced isoleucine with valine in essential genes of E. coli, finding that some genes tolerated the change while others did not, often resulting in slower cell growth. This work represents a step toward understanding the minimal requirements for life and the evolution of the genetic code.
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Superfluous Researchers try to cut the genetic code from 20 to 19 amino acidsvar abtest_2152399 = new ABTest(2152399, 'click'); Using AI tools, the team reworked part of the ribosome to need one less amino acid. John Timmer – Apr 30, 2026 3:34 pm | 1 The ribosome translates a messenger RNA (the multi-colored chain in the center) into amino acids, emerging from the ribosome at top. Credit: STEVEN MCDOWELL/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY The ribosome translates a messenger RNA (the multi-colored chain in the center) into amino acids, emerging from the ribosome at top. Credit: STEVEN MCDOWELL/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY Text settings Story text Size Small Standard Large Width * Standard Wide Links Standard Orange * Subscribers only Learn more Minimize to nav The genetic code is central to life.
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