Measuring Bitcoin's Quantum-Exposed Supply
Recent research highlights the quantum risk exposure of Bitcoin's supply, revealing that 30.2% of issued BTC is currently at risk. The study categorizes this exposure into structural and operational types, with operational exposure accounting for the majority. The findings emphasize the importance of wallet hygiene and custody practices in mitigating public-key exposure.
- ▪6.04 million BTC, or 30.2% of the issued supply, is exposed to quantum risk.
- ▪Structural exposure accounts for 1.92 million BTC, while operational exposure totals 4.12 million BTC.
- ▪Exchange-related balances represent 1.63 million BTC, underscoring the role of custody practices.
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Product & Research Measuring Bitcoin's Quantum-Exposed Supply We map Bitcoin’s quantum-exposed supply, separating structural and operational sources of public-key exposure across the network. Glassnode, Rafael Schultze-Kraft May 19, 2026 • 7 min read Recent research has brought attention to an emerging Bitcoin security question: which coins are currently exposed to quantum risk at rest? The relevant threshold is whether the public key needed to spend a coin is already visible on-chain. By that measure, 6.04M BTC, or 30.2% of issued supply, is exposed, while the remaining 13.99M BTC, or 69.8%, shows no public-key exposure at rest. These numbers are broadly in line with recently published work [1].We separate this exposure into two categories.
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Excerpt limited to ~120 words for fair-use compliance. The full article is at Glassnode Insights.
